Solar by state
Solar in Maryland, by the numbers
Utilities and their rates, adoption, ten years of growth, batteries, ownership, state rules and installer licensing in Maryland, from federal 2024 data.
Maryland in brief
4.42% of Maryland homes had rooftop solar in 2024, the 12th-highest of 51 (3.55% nationally). Power cost 17.86¢/kWh, above the national 16.48¢, and the average system was 8.29 kW. Baltimore Gas & Electric Company serves 49.6% of homes.
Where does Maryland stand out?
The four measures, beyond price and adoption, on which Maryland sits furthest from the middle of the ranking.
Maryland solar in numbers, 2024
Every Maryland figure next to the national one, with its place in the ranking (highest first, out of the jurisdictions reporting it).
| Measure | Maryland | United States | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homes with a metered rooftop system | 4.42% | 3.55% | 12th-highest of 51 |
| Rooftop systems counted | 108,428 | 5,077,543 | 10th-highest of 51 |
| Average system size | 8.29 kW | 6.74 kW | 11th-highest of 51 |
| Residential price | 17.86¢/kWh | 16.48¢/kWh | 13th-highest of 51 |
| Average monthly bill | $165.87 | $142.26 | 5th-highest of 51 |
| Use per home | 11,146 kWh/yr | 10,359 kWh/yr | 23rd-highest of 51 |
| Systems with a battery | 0.49% | 5.86% | 14th-lowest of 47 |
| Leased or on a PPA | 54.6% | 29.1% | 2nd-highest of 38 |
| Growth in systems, five years | 8.9% a year | — | 4th-lowest of 51 |
| Minutes without power per customer | 118 | 297 (median state) | 9th-lowest of 51 |
| Homes on a time-varying rate | 69.3% | 11.1% | highest of 51 |
| Installed rooftop capacity | 898.8 MW | 34,226 MW | — |
Source: US EIA, Form EIA-861, 2024 final release, retrieved 2 September 2026. The Maryland ratios and ranks are HyreSolar calculations from EIA inputs.
Which utility serves Maryland, and what does it charge?
The 8 largest utilities selling to Maryland homes, by residential customers, with the price full-service customers paid and how many run net-metered solar.
| Utility | Type | Homes served | Price per kWh | Use per home, monthly | Net-metered systems |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baltimore Gas & Electric Company | Investor-owned; wires, 85% on its own supply | 1,214,100 (49.6%) | 17.91¢ | 870 kWh | 47,527 (3.9%) |
| Potomac Electric Power Company | Investor-owned; wires, 88% on its own supply | 553,607 (22.6%) | 20.08¢ | 828 kWh | 35,706 (6.5%) |
| The Potomac Edison Company | Investor-owned; wires, 94% on its own supply | 256,568 (10.5%) | 13.83¢ | 1,082 kWh | 8,053 (3.1%) |
| Delmarva Power | Investor-owned; wires, 92% on its own supply | 186,368 (7.6%) | 20.22¢ | 949 kWh | 6,701 (3.6%) |
| Southern Maryland Electric Co-op | Co-op; wires, 98% on its own supply | 160,882 (6.6%) | 14.84¢ | 1,142 kWh | 8,992 (5.6%) |
| Choptank Electric Cooperative | Co-op | 50,697 (2.1%) | 16.46¢ | 1,113 kWh | 1,379 (2.7%) |
| Hagerstown Light Department | Municipal | 15,099 (0.62%) | 7.77¢ | 913 kWh | 22 (0.15%) |
| Easton Utilities Commission | Municipal | 8,590 (0.35%) | 13.06¢ | 1,041 kWh | 48 (0.56%) |
Source: US EIA, Form EIA-861 2024, Sales to Ultimate Customers and Net Metering, utility level, retrieved 5 October 2026. Shares are of 2,446,164 Maryland residential accounts. Each Maryland price is residential revenue divided by sales for full-service customers (HyreSolar calculation); a wires company’s price is its default-service price.
What do the Maryland utility figures mean for a solar quote?
EIA-861 lists 9 utilities serving homes in Maryland in 2024, across 2,446,164 residential accounts. The three largest, Baltimore Gas & Electric Company, Potomac Electric Power Company and The Potomac Edison Company, served 82.8% of those homes. By ownership: investor-owned utilities 90.4%, electric cooperatives 8.7% and municipal utilities 1.0%.
289,344 Maryland homes (11.8%) bought their energy from 56 competitive suppliers, while the local utility kept delivering it. On a supplier, the energy price on your bill is the supplier’s, so price a solar quote against your own bill rather than the utility prices in the table.
Baltimore Gas & Electric Company, the largest, served 1,214,100 Maryland homes (49.6%). Its full-service residential customers paid 17.91¢ per kWh, in line with the Maryland average of 17.86¢, and used 870 kWh a month on average. 47,527 of its customers ran net-metered rooftop solar, 3.9% of its homes against 4.42% statewide.
Among the 8 Maryland utilities with at least 5,000 residential customers and a full-service price, the price ran from 7.77¢ at Hagerstown Light Department to 20.22¢ at Delmarva Power.
At the Maryland average of 11,146 kWh a year, that 12.45¢ gap is worth about $1,388 a year (our arithmetic), so the same system offsets more money in one territory than the other.
Price a quote on your own utility’s rate, not the 17.86¢ Maryland average.
Rooftop solar is concentrated: Baltimore Gas & Electric Company alone accounts for 47,527 net-metered residential systems, about 44% of the 108,428 counted in Maryland, and 8 Maryland utilities reported any at all. The highest adoption among the larger utilities was at Potomac Electric Power Company, where 6.5% of homes had a system.
What does power cost in Maryland, and why does it matter?
Residential electricity in Maryland averaged 17.86¢ per kilowatt-hour in 2024, the 13th-highest of 51 and above the national 16.48¢. Maryland sits in the top quarter on price, so power used on site replaces power bought at well above the national rate.
The average Maryland household bill was $165.87 a month ($1,990 a year), the 5th-highest of 51, against $142.26 nationally. That $1,990 is the ceiling on what solar could save a typical Maryland home, before fixed monthly charges.
In Maryland, 69.3% of homes were on a time-varying rate in 2024.
On those rates the hour you use or export power changes its value, so ask for a proposal modeled on your own tariff.
86.5% of Maryland residential meters were smart meters (83.8% nationally), and a time-varying rate needs one. How time-of-use changes solar.
How many Maryland homes have solar?
Maryland had 108,428 rooftop systems on net metering in 2024, across 2,451,753 residential accounts: 4.42% of homes, the 12th-highest of 51. By national standards Maryland is a mature market, which can mean several installers to compare and a permit office that has handled solar before.
The Maryland market counted 8,361 more systems in 2024 than in 2023 and has grown 8.9% a year over five years, the 4th-lowest of 51. Where growth has turned nationally.
How has Maryland solar changed since 2014?
Maryland counted 10,675 net-metered rooftop systems in 2014 and 108,428 in 2024, 10.2 times as many. The share of homes with one moved from 0.48% to 4.42%. The biggest one-year addition came in 2016, with 21,329 more systems than the year before.
| Year | Rooftop systems | Share of homes | Average size | Residential price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 10,675 | 0.48% | 6.5 kW | 13.63¢ |
| 2016 | 43,482 | 1.90% | 7.8 kW | 14.23¢ |
| 2018 | 64,933 | 2.78% | 8.1 kW | 13.30¢ |
| 2020 | 76,414 | 3.21% | 8.2 kW | 13.01¢ |
| 2022 | 90,957 | 3.77% | 8.2 kW | 14.46¢ |
| 2024 | 108,428 | 4.42% | 8.3 kW | 17.86¢ |
Source: US EIA, Form EIA-861 annual files 2014–2024, net-metered residential systems, retrieved 2 September 2026. Maryland shares and sizes are HyreSolar calculations.
What does the Maryland trend mean for a savings estimate?
Over the same years the Maryland residential price went from 13.63¢ to 17.86¢ per kWh, up 31%, and the average system from 6.5 kW to 8.3 kW. A rate that has risen that far makes a 2024 bill a conservative base for a Maryland savings estimate only if the trend continues, which nobody can promise.
How big is a typical Maryland system?
The average Maryland system was 8.29 kW in 2024, the 11th-highest of 51, against 6.74 kW nationally. Maryland homes used 11,146 kilowatt-hours a year each, the 23rd-highest of 51.
A Maryland home using 11,146 kWh is an average, not a design input: size from your own twelve months of bills and usable roof with cost by system size and the system size calculator.
Who owns the systems in Maryland?
In Maryland, 54.6% of systems were third-party owned in 2024: leased, or on a power purchase agreement (PPA), rather than owned by the household. That is the 2nd-highest of 38, against 29.1% nationally.
Third-party ownership is the common way solar is sold in Maryland. Expect a lease or power purchase agreement to be offered, and check who will own the equipment before you sign. Whoever owns a Maryland system claims any tax credit on it: Section 48E explained.
Do Maryland homes add batteries?
In Maryland, 0.49% of solar systems were paired with a battery in 2024 (534 systems), the 14th-lowest of 47. Maryland’s share is well under half the national 5.86%.
On reliability, the average Maryland customer went 118 minutes without power in 2024 counting major storms, and 75 minutes without them. The median state saw 297. Outages in every state.
Whether a battery pays in Maryland turns on your utility’s export credit and your own outage history: what a home battery does.
Which Maryland solar laws have we read?
Maryland statutes we read ourselves. Any rule not listed here is one we have not read, not one that does not exist.
Property tax on the added value
Exempt from real property tax; grid export does not disqualify.
Tax-Property § 7-242. Read at source September 2, 2026. Property tax exemptions
What an HOA can and cannot block
The Maryland access statute tests an association’s restriction two ways. On cost: a 5% increase in installation cost, with no dollar cap. On output: a 10% reduction in energy generated.
Real Property § 2-119. Read at source September 2, 2026. Solar access rights by state
How do you check a solar company’s license in Maryland?
We checked 94 Maryland solar companies from June to August 2026 against the state license register. None of those showed an expired or revoked license when checked.
Ask which license a company holds, then confirm the number with the issuing authority yourself.
These counts describe the companies we checked on those dates, not every company in Maryland, and a license current then may have lapsed since. How to verify a solar license.
Which states are closest to Maryland on adoption?
The six jurisdictions nearest to Maryland’s 4.42% share of homes with rooftop solar.
Where do the Maryland numbers come from?
The Maryland figures are HyreSolar calculations from the Form EIA-861 annual files: 108,428 net-metered residential systems counted against 2,451,753 residential accounts, sizes as means, and 9 utility-level rows for the utility table, matched to net-metering records by EIA utility number.
The method and limits cover all 51; the Maryland row is in the data as a CSV.
No Maryland figure here is an estimate for one home: your roof, usage, utility tariff and tax position decide that.
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Questions
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